Metabolic Syndrome - A Bomb with Delayed Reaction

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an entity that represents a global health problem. It is a multiplex risk factor thar arises from insulin resistance acompanying abnormal adipose tissue According to the IDF definition (2013), for a person to be defined as having the metabolic syndrome, it must have central obesity plus any two of the following factors: raised triglycerides ( 150 mg/dL) or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality, reduced HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dL in males, <50 mg/dL in females ) or specific treatment for this lipid abnormality, raised blood pressure (systolic BP 130 or diastolic BP 85 mm Hg) or treatment of previously diagnosed hypertension, raised fasting plasma glucose ((FPG) 100 mg/dL) or previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes In addition to clinical parameters, mentioned in the definition of metabolic syndrome, IDF describes the 'platinum standard' definition -additional metabolic measurements for research. These additional measurements include the following: abnormal body fat distribution (general body fat distribution, central fat distribution, adipose tissue biomarkers: leptin, adiponectin, and liver fat content),[3] insulin resistance (fasting insulin/proinsulin levels, HOMA-IR, insulin resistance by Bergman Minimal Model, elevated free fatty acids, M value from clamp), atherogenic dyslipidaemia (ApoB Small LDL particles), dysglycaemia (OGTT), pro-inflammatory state (elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein, elevated inflammatory cytokines, decrease in adiponectin plasma levels), Abundent data suggests that patients meeting these diagnostic criteria have a greater risk of having significant clinical consequences: doubled risk of coronary artery disease, increased risk of stroke, fatty liver disease, diabetes and cancer

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