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Role of Oncogenes and Tumor-suppressor Genes in Carcinogenesis: A Review

Emmanuel N. KontomanolisDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceAntonios KoutrasFirst Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceAthanasios SyllaiosFirst Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceDimitriοs SchizasFirst Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceAikaterini MastorakiFirst Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceNikolaos GarmpisFirst Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece [email protected]Michail DiakosavvasFirst Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceKyveli AngelouFirst Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceGeorgios TsatsarisDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, GreeceAthanasios PagkalosThomas NtounisFirst Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceZacharias FasoulakisFirst Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

2020en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Cancer is a medical condition which has a molecular basis. Proto-oncogenes are the first regulatory factors of this biological process. They act in transmitting signals, resulting as growth factors. Modifications of these genes, called oncogenes, lead to the appearance of cancer cells. The activation process leading to proto-oncogenes are chromosomal translocation, point mutation, and gene amplification. Concerning the clonal theory of oncogenesis, it is believed that a tumor starts from a cell. Furthermore, there is close association between tumor development and inhibition of apoptosis or programmed cell death, providing cell immortality. Angiogenesis and angiogenic factors found to be expressed in tumors and may play a key role in tumor formation and development. Tumor-suppressor genes block the growth of cancer and contribute to the normal development of cells. This article highlights the evidence that neoplasms develop as the after-effect of the increase of acquired and physical genetic variations in proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes; these form a target group in the cells of neoplasms. Tumor formation and development are characterized by individual processes, working synergistically, and an understanding of each individual process may provide a better basis for further anticancer research.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14622

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