A SELF-ORGANIZING SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE ON PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY

I authorize the University of Waterloo to lend this thesis to other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. I further authorize the University of Waterloo to reproduce this thesis by photocopying or by other means, in total or in part, at the request of other institutions or individuals for the purpose of scholarly research. iii The University of Waterloo requires the signatures of all persons using or photocopying this thesis. Please sign below, and give address and date. iv A SELF-ORGANIZING SYSTEMS PERSPECTIVE ON PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABILITY Current approaches to planning and management are inadequate for achieving sustainability. Complexities, uncertainties, and interconnections among natural and social systems preclude the possibility of predicting and controlling future outcomes, yet these qualities are implicit in many planning approaches. The rational-comprehensive model arising from the engineering paradigm, is increasingly questioned, but continues to underlie many planning processes. Achieving

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