State determination in continuous measurement

The possibility of determining the state of a quantum system after a continuous measurement of position is discussed in the framework of quantum trajectory theory. The initial lack of knowledge of the system and external noises are accounted for by considering the evolution of conditioned density matrices under a stochastic master equation. It is shown that after a finite time the state of the system is a pure state, and can be inferred from the measurement record alone. The relation to emerging possibilities for the continuous experimental observation of single quanta, as for example in cavity quantum electrodynamics, is discussed.

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