Superflow in a Toroidal Bose-Einstein Condensate: An Atom Circuit with a Tunable Weak Link
Anand RamanathanJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USAKevin WrightJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USASérgio Ricardo MunizJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USAMartin ZelánJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USAW. T. HillJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USAC. J. LobbJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USAKristian HelmersonJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USAWilliam D. PhillipsJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USAGretchen K. CampbellJoint Quantum Institute, National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland,Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
2011en
ABI
Annotatsiya
We have created a long-lived (≈40 s) persistent current in a toroidal Bose-Einstein condensate held in an all-optical trap. A repulsive optical barrier across one side of the torus creates a tunable weak link in the condensate circuit, which can affect the current around the loop. Superflow stops abruptly at a barrier strength such that the local flow velocity at the barrier exceeds a critical velocity. The measured critical velocity is consistent with dissipation due to the creation of vortex-antivortex pairs. This system is the first realization of an elementary closed-loop atom circuit.
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