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Tamm Review: Influence of forest management activities on soil organic carbon stocks: A knowledge synthesis

Mathias MayerForest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, SwitzerlandCindy E. PrescottFaculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, CanadaWafa E. AbakerDepartment of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Sudan 13314 Shambat, SudanLaurent AugustoINRAE, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, UMR 1391 ISPA, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, FranceLauric CécillonLaboratoire de Géologie, UMR 8538, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, Paris, FranceGabriel William Dias FerreiraSavannah River Ecology Laboratory, University of Georgia, P O Drawer E – Aiken, SC 29802, USAJason JamesExponent, Inc., 15375 SE 30th Pl, Suite 250, Bellevue, WA 98007, USARobert JandlDepartment of Forest Ecology and Soils, Austrian Research Center for Forests, Seckendorff-Gudent-Weg 8, 1131 Vienna, AustriaKlaus KatzensteinerInstitute of Forest Ecology, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Peter-Jordan Straße 82, 1190 Vienna, AustriaJean‐Paul LaclauCIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, 34060 Montpellier, FrancJérôme LaganièreNatural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 Du P.E.P.S. Street, P.O. Box 10380, Québec, QC G1V 4C7, CanadaYann NouvellonCIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, 34060 Montpellier, FrancDavid ParéNatural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, 1055 Du P.E.P.S. Street, P.O. Box 10380, Québec, QC G1V 4C7, CanadaJohn A. StanturfInstitute of Forestry and Rural Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014 Tartu, EstoniaElena VanguelovaForest Research, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham, Surrey GU10 4LH, UKLars VesterdalDepartment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark

2020en

ABI

Annotatsiya

Almost half of the total organic carbon (C) in terrestrial ecosystems is stored in forest soils. By altering rates of input or release of C from soils, forest management activities can influence soil C stocks in forests. In this review, we synthesize current evidence regarding the influences of 13 common forest management practices on forest soil C stocks. Afforestation of former croplands generally increases soil C stocks, whereas on former grasslands and peatlands, soil C stocks are unchanged or even reduced following afforestation. The conversion of primary forests to secondary forests generally reduces soil C stocks, particularly if the land is converted to an agricultural land-use prior to reforestation. Harvesting, particularly clear-cut harvesting, generally results in a reduction in soil C stocks, particularly in the forest floor and upper mineral soil. Removal of residues by harvesting whole-trees and stumps negatively affects soil C stocks. Soil disturbance from site preparation decreases soil C stocks, particularly in the organic top soil, however improved growth of tree seedlings may outweigh soil C losses over a rotation. Nitrogen (N) addition has an overall positive effect on soil C stocks across a wide range of forest ecosystems. Likewise, higher stocks and faster accumulation of soil C occur under tree species with N-fixing associates. Stocks and accumulation rates of soil C also differ under different tree species, with coniferous species accumulating more C in the forest floor and broadleaved species tending to store more C in the mineral soil. There is some evidence that increased tree species diversity could positively affect soil C stocks in temperate and subtropical forests, but tree species identity, particularly N-fixing species, seems to have a stronger impact on soil C stocks than tree species diversity. Management of stand density and thinning have small effects on forest soil C stocks. In forests with high populations of ungulate herbivores, reduction in herbivory levels can increase soil C stocks. Removal of plant biomass for fodder and fuel is related to a reduction in the soil C stocks. Fire management practices such as prescribed burning reduce soil C stocks, but less so than wildfires which are more intense. For each practice, we identify existing gaps in knowledge and suggest research to address the gaps.

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Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118127

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