Enhancing Overcurrent Relay Performance in Power Systems with Distributed Generation: An AI-Based Approach

The effectiveness of overcurrent relays is essential for managing faults in power systems. As the integration of distributed generation sources increases within the power grid, the likelihood of errors in fault detection also rises. In certain situations, distributed generation can diminish fault currents, leading to delays in relay operation. This delay can damage existing equipment as faults persist in the network. Additionally, distributed generation may cause relays to malfunction, disconnecting healthy feeders instead of the ones experiencing faults. To address these challenges, this paper presents the development and modeling of an artificial intelligence algorithm designed to facilitate the integration of distributed generation into the power system without modifying the existing overcurrent relays. The algorithm also identifies optimal locations for distributed generation sources within the network. The modeling was conducted using MATLAB, and the implementation and validation of the model were performed with DigiSilent software.

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