OG'IZ SUYUQLIGIDAGI BIOMARKERLAR ORQALI KASALLIKLARNI ERTA ANIQLASH, MASALAN, SARATON, DIABET YOKI IMMUN TIZIMI KASALLIKLARI.

Saliva contains a wide range of biomarkers that reflect systemic and oral health conditions, making it a promising non-invasive diagnostic tool for early disease detection. Recent studies have demonstrated that salivary biomarkers, including proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, and cytokines, can be effectively used to identify early stages of diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and immune system disorders [1, 2]. Saliva-based diagnostics offer advantages over traditional methods, including ease of collection, reduced patient discomfort, cost-effectiveness, and potential for frequent monitoring. Advancements in molecular techniques, biosensors, and microfluidic devices have enhanced the sensitivity and specificity of salivary biomarker detection, enabling rapid and accurate clinical assessment [3, 4]. Despite challenges in standardization, validation, and variability due to individual factors, the integration of saliva diagnostics into routine clinical practice holds great promise for personalized medicine and early intervention strategies [5, 6].

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