Methodology and implementation of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI)
João BredaWorld Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes WHO Regional Office for Europe Moscow Russian FederationKaren McCollWorld Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes WHO Regional Office for Europe Moscow Russian FederationMarta BuoncristianoWorld Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes WHO Regional Office for Europe Moscow Russian FederationJulianne WilliamsWorld Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes WHO Regional Office for Europe Moscow Russian FederationShynar AbdrakhmanovaDepartment of Science and Professional Development National Center of Public Health of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan Almaty KazakhstanZulfiya AbdurrahmonovaRepublican Centre for Nutrition Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Population Dushanbe TajikistanWolfgang AhrensFaculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Bremen GermanyDilorom AkhmedovaRepublic Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Centre for Pediatrics Tashkent UzbekistanMárta BakacsDepartment of Nutrition and Epidemiology National Institute of Pharmacy and Nutrition Budapest HungaryJolanda M.A. BoerCentre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) Bilthoven NetherlandsKhadichamo BoymatovaDivision of Noncommunicable Diseases and Promoting Health through the Life‐course WHO Country Office Dushanbe TajikistanLăcrămioara Aurelia BrîndușeFaculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Management University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest Bucharest RomaniaAlexandra CucuFaculty of Midwifery and Nursing, Discipline of Public health and Health management University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila Bucharest Bucharest RomaniaVesselka DulevaDepartment Food and Nutrition National Centre of Public Health and Analyses Sofia BulgariaRonit EndeveltMinistry of Health IsraelVictoria Farrugia Sant’AngeloPrimary Child Health Unit, Primary Health Care Floriana MaltaAnna FijałkowskaDepartment of Cardiology Institute of Mother and Child Warsaw PolandAida Filipović HadžiomeragićDepartment of Hygiene, Health Ecology Service Institute of Public Health of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo Bosnia and HerzegovinaMarta García‐SolanoSpanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition Ministry of Consumer Affairs Madrid SpainElse Karin GrøholtDepartment of Health and Inequality Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health Oslo NorwayAndrea GualtieriHealth Authority, Ministry of Health San Marino San MarinoMaria HassapidouDepartment of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics International Hellenic University Thessaloniki GreeceTatjana HejgaardHealth Promotion and Inequality, Danish Health Authority Copenhagen DenmarkJolanda HyskaNutrition and Food Safety Sector Institute of Public Health Tirana AlbaniaCecily C. KelleherCollege of Health and Agricultural Sciences University College Dublin Dublin IrelandEnisa KujundžićCenter for Health Ecology Institute of Public Health of Montenegro Podgorica MontenegroPäivi MäkiPublic Health and Welfare Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare Helsinki FinlandEliza Markidou IoannidouDepartment of Medical and Public Health Services Ministry of Health Nicosia CyprusMarina MelkumovaInstitute of Child and Adolescent Health Arabkir Medical Centre Yerevan ArmeniaIsabelle MoyersoenDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health Sciensano Brussels BelgiumSanja Musić MilanovićCroatian Institute of Public Health Zagreb CroatiaEha NurkDepartment of Nutrition Research National Institute for Health Development Tallinn EstoniaSergej M. OstojićBiomedical Sciences Department, Faculty of Sport and Physical Education University of Novi Sad Novi Sad SerbiaValentina PeterkovaInstitute of Paediatric Endocrinology National Medical Research Centre for Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation Moscow Russian FederationAušra PetrauskienėDepartment of Preventive Medicine Lithuanian University of Health Sciences Kaunas LithuaniaIveta PuduleDepartment of Research and Health Statistics Centre for Disease and Prevention Control Riga LatviaAna Isabel RitoWHO/Europe Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Childhood Obesity ‐ Food and Nutrition Department National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge Lisbon PortugalKenisha Russell JonssonDepartment of Living Conditions and Lifestyle Public Health Agency of Sweden Solna SwedenHarry RutterDepartment of Social and Policy Sciences University of Bath Bath UKBenoît SalanaveDepartment of Non‐Communicable Diseases and Traumatisms Santé publique France, the French Public Health Agency Saint Maurice FranceNabil SeyidovDepartment of Healthy Policy and Planning Public Health and Reforms Center of Ministry of Health Baku AzerbaijanLela ShengeliaMaternal, Child and Reproductive Health National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia Tbilisi GeorgiaNatalia SilitrariAngela SpinelliNational Centre for Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità) Rome ItalyIgor SpiroskiFaculty of Medicine SS. Cyril and Methodius University Skopje North MacedoniaGregor StarcFaculty of Sport University of Ljubljana Ljubljana SloveniaDragana StojisavljevićFaculty of Medicine University of Banja Luka Banja Luka Bosnia and HerzegovinaMaya TanrygulyyevaInternal Diseases Department Scientific Clinical Centre of Mother and Child Health Ashgabat TurkmenistanĽubica TicháChildren's Hospital National Institute of Children's Diseases, Medical Faculty Comenius University Bratislava SlovakiaZhamilya UsupovaRepublican Center for Health Promotion and Mass Communication Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic Bishkek KyrgyzstanDaniel WeghuberDepartment of Pediatrics Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg AustriaNazan YardımPublic Health General Directorate Ministry of Health of Turkey Ankara TurkeyHana ZamrazilováObesity Management Centre Institute of Endocrinology Prague CzechiaVladyslav ZbanatskyiPublic Health Center Ministry of Health of Ukraine Kiev UkraineFrancesco BrancaDepartment of Nutrition and Food Safety World Health Organization Geneva SwitzerlandMartin WeberWorld Health Organization (WHO) Child and Adolescent Health and Development WHO Regional Office for Europe Copenhagen DenmarkIvo RakovacWorld Health Organization (WHO) European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, Division of Country Health Programmes WHO Regional Office for Europe Moscow Russian Federation
ABI
Abstract
Establishment of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) has resulted in a surveillance system which provides regular, reliable, timely, and accurate data on children's weight status-through standardized measurement of bodyweight and height-in the WHO European Region. Additional data on dietary intake, physical activity, sedentary behavior, family background, and school environments are collected in several countries. In total, 45 countries in the European Region have participated in COSI. The first five data collection rounds, between 2007 and 2021, yielded measured anthropometric data on over 1.3 million children. In COSI, data are collected according to a common protocol, using standardized instruments and procedures. The systematic collection and analysis of these data enables intercountry comparisons and reveals differences in the prevalence of childhood thinness, overweight, normal weight, and obesity between and within populations. Furthermore, it facilitates investigation of the relationship between overweight, obesity, and potential risk or protective factors and improves the understanding of the development of overweight and obesity in European primary-school children in order to support appropriate and effective policy responses.
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