Article

Application of advanced filters and sediment depth estimators in the mapping of geologic structures related to mineralization

Nagendra P. YadavSchool of Electrical and Electronics Information Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, 16 North Guilin Road, Huangshi, 435003, Hubei, ChinaCherish Edet ThompsonApplied Geophysics Unit, Department of Physics, University of Calabar, Calabar, 540004, Cross River State, NigeriaNarinderjit Singh Sawaran SinghFaculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, MalaysiaLuma Hussain SalehDepartment of Anesthesia Techniques, Health and Medical Techniques College, Alnoor University, Mosul, 41002, IraqAMA MohamedDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, Suez University, Suez, 43512, EgyptIbrahim MahariqCollege of Engineering and Architecture, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref, Kuwait. [email protected]Sulton UsanovKimyo International University in Tashkent, Shota Rustaveli Str. 156, 100121, Tashkent, UzbekistanDilshod RaupovNational Research University TIIAME, Kori Niyoziy 39, 100000, Tashkent, UzbekistanDoniyor JumanazarovUrgench State University, Kh. Alimdjan Str. 14, 220100, Urgench, UzbekistanAbdul Saddique ShaikDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, KSA, Saudi ArabiaSaiful IslamCivil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi ArabiaStephen E. EkwokApplied Geophysics Unit, Department of Physics, University of Calabar, Calabar, 540004, Cross River State, Nigeria. [email protected]

Scientific Reportsjournal2026en

ABI

Abstract

The Nigerian sector of the Iullemmeden Basin is characterized by widespread metallic and non-metallic mineral potentials. In this inclusive innovation work, total magnetic intensity (TMI) data were used to detect the structural elements associated with tectonic events and map the probable zones of mineralization within the study area. The TMI data were upward continued to 100 m before the application of softsign function (SF), and enhanced horizontal gradient amplitude (EHGA) filters. Subsequently, the Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET) grid analysis tool was applied on the enhanced grids to generate structural maps. The observed geologic structures, which suggest polyphase deformations are characterized by E-W, NE-SW, NNE-SSW orientations. The mapped lineaments correspond to structural elements triggered by several tectonic events. The main NE-SW structural direction matches the regional strike orientation. The tilt depth technique (TDT), source parameter imaging (SPI) and standard Euler deconvolution (SED) depth approximation methods plus the 2D forward modellings indicated depth values of ≤ 2800 m. The 2D forward models suggest that the underlying basement has undergone significant stress, thereby creating faults and an undulating surface. Generally, the geologic structures create favorable conditions for migration and accumulation of polymetallic mineralization (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag), precious metals (gold), special metals (Sn, W, Ta, Li), and radioactive minerals (U, Th) associated with both the sedimentary formations and underlying basement structures.

Topics

Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping Groundwater and Watershed Analysis

Identifiers

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-026-45871-w

Citations and references

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