Morphological blood parameters of cyprinid fish in mixed infection with chilodonellosis and trichodinosis, and the effectiveness of anthelmintic drugs
Abstract
This study analyzed the infestation of carp fish in artificial reservoirs with the ciliates Chilodonella cyprini and Trichodina pediculus, assessing the prevalence of infestations and clinical manifestations. The influence of environmental factors, stress, and weather conditions on the development of parasitic diseases in infected fish was examined. Changes in key hematological parameters were detected, including variations in the number of erythrocytes and metaneutrophils in peripheral blood. The quantitative ratio of eosinophils, pseudoeosinophils, basophils, pseudobasophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes was studied at varying degrees of invasion. It has been determined that parasites affect the gills, skin, fins, and other anatomical structures, causing significant morphofunctional disturbances. Fluctuations in red blood cell counts have been shown to depend on the age, sex, season, and physiological state of the fish, and to be exacerbated by infectious processes. A concept has been developed regarding the relationship between the intensity of infection and the degree of hematological changes in carp fish. The use of antiparasitic drugs is proposed, taking into account their neuroparalytic, metabolic, and microtubule-mediated mechanisms of action against pathogens. An experimental justification for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of drugs based on parasitological studies before and after treatment was developed. The importance of comprehensive hematological analysis in veterinary practice for the diagnosis and monitoring of parasitic diseases in fish was substantiated.