Article

<i>Planck</i>2018 results

N. AghanimInstitut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât. 121, 91405 Orsay Cedex, FranceY. AkramiInstitute Lorentz, Leiden University, PO Box 9506, 2300 RA Leiden, The NetherlandsM. AshdownKavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKJ. AumontUniversité de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, FranceC. BaccigalupiSISSA, Astrophysics Sector, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, ItalyM. BallardiniDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaA. J. BandayUniversité de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, FranceR. B. BarreiroInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, SpainN. BartoloDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyS. BasakSchool of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Maruthamala PO, Vithura, Thiru-vananthapuram 695551, Kerala, IndiaK. BenabedSorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceJ.-P. BernardUniversité de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, FranceM. BersanelliINAF/IASF Milano, Via E. Bassini 15, Milano, ItalyP. BielewiczNational Centre for Nuclear Research, ul. L. Pasteura 7, 02-093 War-saw, PolandJ. J. BockJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, USAJ. R. BondCITA, University of Toronto, 60 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, CanadaJ. BorrillComputational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USAF. R. BouchetInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS (UMR7095), 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceF. BoulangerUniversité Paris-SaclayM. BucherAstrophysics & Cosmology Research Unit, School of Mathematics, Statistics & Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X54001, 4000 Durban, South AfricaC. BuriganaDipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, ItalyR. C. ButlerINAF – OAS Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyE. CalabreseSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, Queens Build-ings, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UKJ.-F. CardosoInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS (UMR7095), 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceJulien CarronDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UKB. CasaponsaInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, SpainA. ChallinorInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKH. C. ChiangDepartment of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USAL. P. L. ColomboDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 16, Milano, ItalyC. CombetLaboratoire de Physique Subatomique et Cosmologie, Universit Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 53 rue des Martyrs, 38026 Greno-ble Cedex, FranceB. P. CrillJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, USAF. CuttaiaINAF – OAS Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyP. de BernardisDipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 2, Roma, ItalyA. de RosaINAF – OAS Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyG. de ZottiINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell'Osservatorio 5, Padova, ItalyJ. DelabrouilleAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, FranceJ.‐M. DelouisLaboratoire d'Ocanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Univ. Brest, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Brest, FranceEleonora Di ValentinoJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKJ. M. DiegoInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, SpainO. DoréCalifornia Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USAM. DouspisInstitut d'Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Bât. 121, 91405 Orsay Cedex, FranceA. DucoutKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8583, JapanX. DupacEuropean Space Agency, ESAC, Planck Science Office, Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanización Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainS. DusiniIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyG. EfstathiouKavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKF. ElsnerMax-Planck-Institut fr Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyT. A. EnßlinMax-Planck-Institut fr Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyH. K. EriksenInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, NorwayY. FantayeDepartment of Mathematics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellen-bosch 7602, South AfricaR. Fernández-CobosInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, SpainF. Finelli⋆INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyM. FrailisINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, Trieste, ItalyA. A. FraisseDepartment of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USAE. FranceschiINAF – OAS Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyA. FrolovSimon Fraser University, Department of Physics, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, CanadaS. GaleottaINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, Trieste, ItalyS. GalliSorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceK. GangaAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, FranceR. T. Génova-SantosDepartamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainM. GerbinoHEP Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USAT. GhoshSchool of Physical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, Odissa, IndiaY. Giraud–HéraudAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, FranceJ. González-NuevoDepartamento de Física, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Federico García Lorca, 18, Oviedo, SpainK. M. GórskiWarsaw University Observatory, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warszawa, PolandS. GrattonInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKA. GruppusoINAF – OAS Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Area della Ricerca del CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyJ. E. GudmundssonThe Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova 106 91, Stockholm, SwedenJ. HamannSchool of Physics, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia 85 Simon Fraser University, Department of Physics, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, Canada 86 Sorbonne Universit, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France 87 Sorbonne Universit, Institut Lagrange de Paris (ILP), 98bis boule-vard Arago, 75014 Paris, France 88 Sorbonne Universit, Observatoire de Paris, Universit PSL, cole normale suprieure, CNRS, LERMA, 75005 Paris, France 89 Space Research Institute (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof-soyuznaya Str, 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia 90 Space Science Data Center -Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico snc, 00133 Roma, Italy 91 Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA 92 The Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics, Department of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden 93 Universit de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, IRAP, 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4, France 94Will HandleyKavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKF. K. HansenInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, NorwayD. HerranzInstituto de Física de Cantabria (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria), Avda. de los Castros s/n, Santander, SpainE. HivonInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS (UMR7095), 98bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceZhiqi HuangSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Sun Yat-sen University, 2 Daxue Rd, Tangjia, Zhuhai, PR ChinaA. H. JaffeImperial College London, Astrophysics group, Blackett Laboratory, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, UKW. C. JonesDepartment of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USAE. KeihänenDepartment of Physics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandR. KeskitaloComputational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USAK. KiiveriDepartment of Physics, Gustaf Hllstrmin katu 2a, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandJ. KimMax-Planck-Institut fr Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyT. S. KisnerLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USAN. KrachmalnicoffSISSA, Astrophysics Sector, Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, ItalyM. KunzDépartement de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, 24 quai E. Ansermet, 1211 Genève 4, SwitzerlandH. Kurki‐SuonioDepartment of Physics, Gustaf Hllstrmin katu 2a, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandG. LagacheAix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceJ.-M. LamarreSorbonne UniversitéA. LasenbyAstrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UKM. LattanziDipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, ItalyC. R. LawrenceJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA, USAM. Le JeuneAPC, AstroParticule et Cosmologie, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/lrfu, Observatoire de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, FranceF. LevrierSorbonne Université, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, École normale supérieure, CNRS, LERMA, 75005 Paris, FranceAntony LewisDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, UKM. LiguoriDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia G. Galilei, Università degli Studi di Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyP. B. LiljeInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, NorwayM. LilleySorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceV. LindholmDepartment of Physics, Gustaf Hllstrmin katu 2a, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandM. López-CaniegoEuropean Space Agency, ESAC, Planck Science Office, Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanización Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainP. M. LubinDepartment of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USAYin-Zhe MaNAOC-UKZN Computational Astrophysics Centre (NUCAC), University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4000 Durban, South AfricaJ. F. Macías–PérezUniversité Grenoble AlpesG. MaggioINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, Trieste, Italy

2020en

ABI

Abstract

We describe the legacy Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) likelihoods derived from the 2018 data release. The overall approach is similar in spirit to the one retained for the 2013 and 2015 data release, with a hybrid method using different approximations at low ( ℓ < 30) and high ( ℓ ≥ 30) multipoles, implementing several methodological and data-analysis refinements compared to previous releases. With more realistic simulations, and better correction and modelling of systematic effects, we can now make full use of the CMB polarization observed in the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) channels. The low-multipole EE cross-spectra from the 100 GHz and 143 GHz data give a constraint on the ΛCDM reionization optical-depth parameter τ to better than 15% (in combination with the TT low- ℓ data and the high- ℓ temperature and polarization data), tightening constraints on all parameters with posterior distributions correlated with τ . We also update the weaker constraint on τ from the joint TEB likelihood using the Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) channels, which was used in 2015 as part of our baseline analysis. At higher multipoles, the CMB temperature spectrum and likelihood are very similar to previous releases. A better model of the temperature-to-polarization leakage and corrections for the effective calibrations of the polarization channels (i.e., the polarization efficiencies) allow us to make full use of polarization spectra, improving the ΛCDM constraints on the parameters θ MC , ω c , ω b , and H 0 by more than 30%, and n s by more than 20% compared to TT-only constraints. Extensive tests on the robustness of the modelling of the polarization data demonstrate good consistency, with some residual modelling uncertainties. At high multipoles, we are now limited mainly by the accuracy of the polarization efficiency modelling. Using our various tests, simulations, and comparison between different high-multipole likelihood implementations, we estimate the consistency of the results to be better than the 0.5 σ level on the ΛCDM parameters, as well as classical single-parameter extensions for the joint likelihood (to be compared to the 0.3 σ levels we achieved in 2015 for the temperature data alone on ΛCDM only). Minor curiosities already present in the previous releases remain, such as the differences between the best-fit ΛCDM parameters for the ℓ < 800 and ℓ > 800 ranges of the power spectrum, or the preference for more smoothing of the power-spectrum peaks than predicted in ΛCDM fits. These are shown to be driven by the temperature power spectrum and are not significantly modified by the inclusion of the polarization data. Overall, the legacy Planck CMB likelihoods provide a robust tool for constraining the cosmological model and represent a reference for future CMB observations.

Identifiers

DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201936386

Citations and references

Cited by 70 references

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