Fermi Large Area Telescope Fourth Source Catalog
S. AbdollahiDepartment of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanF. AceroAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceM. AckermannDeutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyM. AjelloDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Kinard Lab of Physics, Clemson, SC 29634-0978, USAW. B. AtwoodSanta Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Department of Physics and Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USAM. AxelssonDepartment of Physics, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenL. BaldiniUniversità di Pisa and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa, ItalyJ. BalletAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceG. BarbielliniIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, ItalyD. BastieriDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "G. Galilei," Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, ItalyJ. Becerra GonzálezInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, Observatorio del Teide, C/Via Lactea, s/n, E38205, La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainR. BellazziniIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyA. BerrettaDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyC. MeeganDipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyR. D. BlandfordW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAE. D. BloomW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAR. BoninoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, ItalyE. BottaciniW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAT. J. BrandtNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAJ. BregeonLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, FranceP. BruelLaboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, FranceR. BuehlerDeutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyT. H. BurnettDepartment of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1560, USAS. BusonInstitut für Theoretische Physik and Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, GermanyR. A. CameronW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAR. CaputoNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAP. A. CaraveoINAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Milano, via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, ItalyJ. M. CasandjianAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceDaniel CastroNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAE. CavazzutiItalian Space Agency, Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, ItalyE. CharlesW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAS. ChatyAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceSina ChenIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova, I-35131 Padova, ItalyC. C. CheungSpace Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5352, USAG. ChiaroINAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Milano, via E. Bassini 15, I-20133 Milano, ItalyS. CipriniSpace Science Data Center—Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico, snc, I-00133, Roma, ItalyJ. Cohen-TanugiLaboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier, FranceL. R. CominskyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928-3609, USAJavier Coronado-BlázquezInstituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049, Madrid, SpainD. CostantinUniversity of Padua, Department of Statistical Science, Via 8 Febbraio, 2, I-35122 Padova, ItalyA. CuocoRWTH Aachen University, Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology, (TTK), D-52056 Aachen, GermanyS. CutiniIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyF. D’AmmandoINAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, I-40129 Bologna, ItalyM. DeKlotzStellar Solutions Inc., 250 Cambridge Avenue, Suite 204, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USAPedro De la Torre LuqueDipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyF. de PalmaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, ItalyAbhishek DesaiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Clemson University, Kinard Lab of Physics, Clemson, SC 29634-0978, USAS. W. DigelW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USANiccolò Di LallaUniversità di Pisa and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa, ItalyMattia Di MauroNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAL. Di VenereIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyA. DomínguezGrupo de Altas Energías, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040 Madrid, SpainD. DumoraCentre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan Cedex, FranceF. DirirsaDepartment of Physics, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South AfricaS. FeganLaboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, FranceE. C. FerraraNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAA. FranckowiakDeutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyY. FukazawaDepartment of Physical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanS. FunkFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, GermanyP. FuscoDipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyF. GarganoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyD. GasparriniSpace Science Data Center—Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico, snc, I-00133, Roma, ItalyN. GigliettoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyP. GiommiSpace Science Data Center—Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico, snc, I-00133, Roma, ItalyF. GiordanoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyM. GirolettiINAF Istituto di Radioastronomia, I-40129 Bologna, ItalyT. GlanzmanW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAD. GreenMax-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, GermanyI. A. GrenierUniversité Paris-SaclayS. GriffinNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAM.-H. GrondinCentre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan Cedex, FranceJ. E. GroveSpace Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5352, USAS. GuiriecNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAA. K. HardingNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAKatsuhiro HayashiDepartment of Physics and Astrophysics, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8602, JapanE. HaysNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAJ. W. HewittUniversity of North Florida, Department of Physics, 1 UNF Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USAD. HoranLaboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, École polytechnique, CNRS/IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, FranceG. JóhannessonNordita, Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenT. J. JohnsonCollege of Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, resident at Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USAT. KamaeDepartment of Physics, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanM. KerrSpace Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5352, USAD. KocevskiNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USAM. KovačevićIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyM. KussIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, ItalyD. LandriuUniversité Paris-SaclayS. LarssonSchool of Education, Health and Social Studies, Natural Science, Dalarna University, SE-791 88 Falun, SwedenL. LatronicoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, ItalyM. Lemoine‐GoumardCentre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan Cedex, FranceJian LiDeutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyIoannis LiodakisW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAF. LongoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, ItalyF. LoparcoDipartimento di Fisica "M. Merlin" dell'Università e del Politecnico di Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyB. LottCentre d'Études Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan, IN2P3/CNRS, Université Bordeaux 1, BP120, F-33175 Gradignan Cedex, FranceM. N. LovelletteSpace Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5352, USAP. LubranoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, ItalyG. MadejskiW.W. Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Department of Physics and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USAS. MalderaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Torino, I-10125 Torino, ItalyD. MalyshevFriedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Erwin-Rommel-Str. 1, D-91058 Erlangen, GermanyAlberto ManfredaUniversità di Pisa and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa, Italy
2020en
ABI
Abstract
Abstract We present the fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope catalog (4FGL) of γ -ray sources. Based on the first eight years of science data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission in the energy range from 50 MeV to 1 TeV, it is the deepest yet in this energy range. Relative to the 3FGL catalog, the 4FGL catalog has twice as much exposure as well as a number of analysis improvements, including an updated model for the Galactic diffuse γ -ray emission, and two sets of light curves (one-year and two-month intervals). The 4FGL catalog includes 5064 sources above 4 σ significance, for which we provide localization and spectral properties. Seventy-five sources are modeled explicitly as spatially extended, and overall, 358 sources are considered as identified based on angular extent, periodicity, or correlated variability observed at other wavelengths. For 1336 sources, we have not found plausible counterparts at other wavelengths. More than 3130 of the identified or associated sources are active galaxies of the blazar class, and 239 are pulsars.
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