Dark Energy Survey Y3 results: blending shear and redshift biases in image simulations
N. MacCrannDepartment of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0WA, UKM. R. BeckerArgonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USAJ. McCulloughDepartment of Physics, Stanford University , 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USAA. AmonDepartment of Physics, Stanford University , 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USAD. GruenDepartment of Physics, Stanford University , 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USAMike JarvisDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAA. ChoiCenter for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USAM. A. TroxelDepartment of Physics, Duke University , Durham, NC 27708, USAE. SheldonBrookhaven National Laboratory , Bldg 510, Upton, NY 11973, USAB. YannyFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAK. HernerFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAScott DodelsonDepartment of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USAJ. ZuntzInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKK. EckertDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAR. P. RollinsJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKT. N. VargaMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstrasse, D-85748 Garching, GermanyG. M. BernsteinDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAR. A. GruendlDepartment of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USAI. HarrisonDepartment of Physics, University of Oxford , Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKW. G. HartleyDépartement de Physique Théorique and Center for Astroparticle Physics, Université de Genève , 24 quai Ernest Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandI. Sevilla-NoarbeCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) , Av. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainA. PieresLaboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, BrazilS. L. BridleJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKJ. MylesDepartment of Physics, Stanford University , 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USAA. AlarconArgonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USAS. EverettC. SánchezDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAErica HuffJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USAF. TarsitanoDepartment of Physics, ETH Zurich , Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 16, CH-8093 Zurich, SwitzerlandM. GattiInstitut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainL. F. SeccoDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAT. C. AbbottCerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF’s National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory , Casilla 603, La Serena, ChileM. AguenaDepartamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo , CP 66318, São Paulo, SP, 05314-970, BrazilS. AllamFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAJ. AnnisFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAD. BaconInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UKE. BertinCNRS, UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris , F-75014 Paris, FranceD. BrooksDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UKD. L. BurkeKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University , P. O. Box 2450, Stanford, CA 94305, USAA. Carnero RosellDpto. Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna , E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainM. Carrasco KindDepartment of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USAJ. CarreteroInstitut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology , Campus UAB, E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), SpainM. CostanziINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , via G. B. Tiepolo 11, I-34143 Trieste, ItalyM. CrocceInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona, SpainMarco PereiraDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAJ. De VicenteCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) , Av. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainS. DesaiDepartment of Physics, IIT Hyderabad , Kandi, Telangana 502285, IndiaH. T. DiehlFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAJ. P. DietrichFaculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, GermanyP. DoelDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UKT. F. EiflerDepartment of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USAI. FerreroInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, NorwayA. FertéJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, USAB. FlaugherFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAP. FosalbaInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona, SpainJ. García-BellidoInstituto de Fisica Teorica UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid , E-28049 Madrid, SpainE. GaztañagaInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona, SpainD. W. GerdesDepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAT. GiannantonioInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKJ GschwendLaboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, BrazilG. GutierrezFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAS. R. HintonSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, AustraliaD L HollowoodK. HonscheidCenter for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USAD. J. JamesCenter for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAO. LahavDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London , Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UKM. LimaDepartamento de Física Matemática, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo , CP 66318, São Paulo, SP, 05314-970, BrazilM. G. MaiaLaboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, BrazilM. MarchDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAJ. L. MarshallGeorge P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX 77843, USAPaul MartiniCenter for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USAP. MelchiorDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USAF. MenanteauDepartment of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USAR MiquelInstitució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats , E-08010 Barcelona, SpainJ. J. MohrFaculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität , Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, GermanyR. MorganPhysics Department, 2320 Chamberlin Hall, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1150 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706-1390, USAJ. MuirKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University , P. O. Box 2450, Stanford, CA 94305, USAR. C. OgandoLaboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, BrazilA. PalmeseFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAF. Paz-ChinchónInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKA A PlazasDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USAM. Rodriguez-MonroyCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) , Av. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainA. RoodmanKavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, Stanford University , P. O. Box 2450, Stanford, CA 94305, USAS. SamuroffDepartment of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15312, USAE. SánchezCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT) , Av. Complutense, 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainV. ScarpineFermi National Accelerator Laboratory , P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USAS. SerranoInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) , E-08034 Barcelona, SpainM. SmithSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton , Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKM. Soares-SantosDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAE. SuchytaComputer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USAM. C. SwansonNational Center for Supercomputing Applications , 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801, USAG. TarléDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAD. ThomasInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth , Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UKC. ToDepartment of Physics, Stanford University , 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USAR. D. WilkinsonDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Pevensey Building, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH, UK
2021en
ABI
Abstract
ABSTRACT As the statistical power of galaxy weak lensing reaches per cent level precision, large, realistic, and robust simulations are required to calibrate observational systematics, especially given the increased importance of object blending as survey depths increase. To capture the coupled effects of blending in both shear and photometric redshift calibration, we define the effective redshift distribution for lensing, nγ(z), and describe how to estimate it using image simulations. We use an extensive suite of tailored image simulations to characterize the performance of the shear estimation pipeline applied to the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 3 data set. We describe the multiband, multi-epoch simulations, and demonstrate their high level of realism through comparisons to the real DES data. We isolate the effects that generate shear calibration biases by running variations on our fiducial simulation, and find that blending-related effects are the dominant contribution to the mean multiplicative bias of approximately $-2{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. By generating simulations with input shear signals that vary with redshift, we calibrate biases in our estimation of the effective redshift distribution, and demonstrate the importance of this approach when blending is present. We provide corrected effective redshift distributions that incorporate statistical and systematic uncertainties, ready for use in DES Year 3 weak lensing analyses.
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