Improvement of water resources management in Syrdarya basin
Аннотация
The paper describes the status of Syrdarya river basin water management. The problems related to the transboundary character of Syrdarya are analysed. Ways of further development in water resources are proposed. Syrdarya was formed by the merger of Naryn and Karadarya in the Fergana region. The average annual flow of the Syrdarya basin is 38.8 cub. km, with the probability of high-water and low-water years (5% and 95% probability), the flow is 54 and 21 cubic km, respectively. The water resources of the Syrdarya are formed by melting snow and glaciers. About 80% of the flow is formed in the period from March to September. For centuries, the peoples inhabiting the Syrdarya river basin have traditionally been engaged in farming, for the needs of which small-scale irrigation systems were created. These systems, as a rule, included in their structure water intake from a river, the main canal of the short extent, and several outlets to the fields. Their operation did not cause serious damage to the environment, was quite effective since the natural flow regime of the Syrdarya river completely coincided with the vegetative regime of crops.