Bioactive Components and Biological Activities of <i>Crocus sativus</i> L. Byproducts: A Comprehensive Review
Yuanfeng WuSchool of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, ChinaYucui GongSchool of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, ChinaJuan SunSchool of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, ChinaYao ZhangSchool of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, ChinaZisheng LuoCollege of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, ChinaS. Z. NishanbaevInstitute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, UzbekistanDurbek UsmanovInstitute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, UzbekistanXinjie SongSchool of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, ChinaLigen ZouHangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, ChinaMaría José BenitoSchool of Agricultural Engineering, University of Extremadura, Badajoz 06007, Spain
ABI
Аннотация
The production of saffron spice results in numerous byproducts, as only 15 g of spice can be produced from 1 kg of flowers, indicating that over 90% of the saffron flower material is eventually discarded as waste. In view of this, the paper reviews current knowledge on the natural active components in saffron byproducts and their biological activities, aiming to lay a theoretical and scientific foundation for the further utilization. Saffron byproducts contain a variety of phytochemical components, such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, phenolic acids, monoterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and saponins. The activities of saffron byproducts and their mechanisms are also discussed in detail here.
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