Статья

Horizon-scale tests of gravity theories and fundamental physics from the Event Horizon Telescope image of Sagittarius A ∗

Sunny VagnozziDepartment of Physics, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 14, Povo, TN, 38123, ITALYRittick RoyFudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200433, CHINAYu-Dai TsaiUC Irvine, 4129H Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, California, 92697, UNITED STATESLuca VisinelliShanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, CHINAMisba AfrinJamia Millia Islamia, Centre for Theoretical Physics, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi, 110025, INDIAAlireza AllahyariKharazmi University, 43 South Mofatteh Avenue, Tehran, Tehran, 15614, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)Parth Bambhaniya, CHARUSAT, 139, CHARUSAT Campus, Changa, Gujarat, 388 421, INDIADipanjan DeyDalhousie University, 6316 Coburg Rd, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, CANADASushant G. GhoshCentre for Theoretical Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, New Delhi, 110025, INDIAPankaj S. JoshiAhmedabad University, Commerce Six Roads, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, INDIAKimet JusufiDepartment of Physics, State University of Tetova, Ilinden Street nn, Tetovo, Tetovo, 1200,Mohsen KhodadiShiraz University, MG23+4QP Chogiha, Shiraz, Fars, 71946-84636, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)Rahul KumarUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag 54001, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 4041, SOUTH AFRICAAli ÖvgünEastern Mediterranean University, Aristóteles Street, Famagusta, North Cyprus, 99628, CYPRUSCosimo BambiDepartment of Physics, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200433, CHINA

2023en

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract Horizon-scale images of black holes (BHs) and their shadows have opened an unprecedented window onto tests of gravity and fundamental physics in the strong-field regime. We consider a wide range of well-motivated deviations from classical general relativity (GR) BH solutions, and constrain them using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of Sagittarius A <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi/> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> (Sgr A <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi> </mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> ), connecting the size of the bright ring of emission to that of the underlying BH shadow and exploiting high-precision measurements of Sgr A <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi> </mml:mi> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> ’s mass-to-distance ratio. The scenarios we consider, and whose fundamental parameters we constrain, include various regular BHs, string-inspired space-times, violations of the no-hair theorem driven by additional fields, alternative theories of gravity, novel fundamental physics frameworks, and BH mimickers including well-motivated wormhole and naked singularity space-times. We demonstrate that the EHT image of Sgr A <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi/> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> places particularly stringent constraints on models predicting a shadow size larger than that of a Schwarzschild BH of a given mass, with the resulting limits in some cases surpassing cosmological ones. Our results are among the first tests of fundamental physics from the shadow of Sgr A <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi/> <mml:mo>∗</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> and, while the latter appears to be in excellent agreement with the predictions of GR, we have shown that a number of well-motivated alternative scenarios, including BH mimickers, are far from being ruled out at present.

Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/acd97b

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 68Использованных источников: 0

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