Steel modification modes for improving the cast parts quality of the rolling stock couplers
Аннотация
This article discusses the issues of improving the mechanical properties and improving the structure of steel grade 20GL intended for automatic couplers of freight cars by modifying the metal with a complex modifier PP-TM-14- FeVAlCa (Chemical powder wire for modification of liquid steel grade "PP-TM 14-FeVAlCa", chemical composition is V: 30-40%, Al: 10-15%, Ca: 15-20%, the rest is Fe) in a stopper ladle. Steel grade 20GL was chosen as the standard metal. It is shown that when deoxidizing steel with only aluminum, the product is aluminum oxide (〘Al〙_2 O_3), which slowly turns from metal into slag, therefore, it contaminates the metal with non-metallic inclusions higher. The reduction of contamination of metals with non-metallic inclusions occurs primarily due to the complex deoxidation of metals by aluminum, calcium and modified vanadium, which leads to the attraction of a large amount of liquid inclusions CaO· 〘Al〙_2 O_3 and 3CaO· 〘Al〙_2 O_3, which are quickly removed from the metal.