The association between obstructive sleep apnea and vitamin d deficiency in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Аннотация
<bold>Objective:</bold> To evaluate the relationship between the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and vitamin D levels in patients with COPD. <bold>Materials and methods:</bold> Screening was conducted on 223 COPD patients using the Berlin Questionnaire to identify categories indicating high risk of sleep apnea, followed by polysomnographic examination. The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea was established when the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was above 5. The severity of the disease was categorized as follows: AHI less than 5 episodes/hour - normal, AHI 5 to 15 episodes/hour - mild, AHI 15-30 episodes/hour - moderate, AHI more than 30 episodes/hour - severe obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome. Vitamin D level > 30 ng/mL was considered sufficient, 29-20 ng/mL - insufficient, <20 ng/mL - deficient. Outcomes: Vitamin D level less than 30 ng/mL correlated with a high probability of detecting OSA according to the Berlin Questionnaire (93.3%) and the severity of OSA assessed by the apnea-hypopnea index, where in patients with severe OSA with an AHI above 30 episodes/hour, vitamin D deficiency was observed in 100% of cases. This condition was accompanied by a decrease in SaO2 levels to 90.4±1.6%. The observed decrease in vitamin D levels in OSA may be a secondary change caused by intermittent hypoxia in COPD. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> Clinical studies with high levels of evidence are needed to assess the potential use of vitamin D preparations in OSA, where the possible beneficial effects of vitamin D preparations on the severity and course of OSA and its complications can be assumed.