<i>Euclid</i>preparation
R. ScaramellaINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyJ. AmiauxAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceY. MellierCEA Saclay, DFR/IRFU, Service d’Astrophysique, Bât. 709, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceC. BuriganaDipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Universitá degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Giuseppe Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, ItalyC. S. CarvalhoInstituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-018 Lisboa, PortugalJ.-C. CuillandreAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceA. Da SilvaDepartamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, PortugalA. DerosaINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyJ. DinisDepartamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, PortugalE. MaioranoINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyM. MarisIFPU, Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, Via Beirut 2, 34151 Trieste, ItalyI. TerenoDepartamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, PortugalA. AnselmiEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsTobias BoenkeEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsGuillermo BuenadichaESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainX. DupacESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainLuis M. Gaspar VenancioEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsP. Gómez-ÁlvarezESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainJ. HoarESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainJosé Lorenzo AlvarezEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsG. D. RaccaEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsG. Saavedra-CriadoEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsJoel SchwartzEuropean Space Agency/ESOC, Robert-Bosch-Str. 5, 64293 Darmstadt, GermanyR. VavrekESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainM SchirmerMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, GermanyH. AusselAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceR. AzzolliniMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKV. F. CardoneINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyM. CropperMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKA. EaletUniv. Lyon, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, FranceB. GarilliINAF – IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyW. GillardAix-Marseille Univ., CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceB. R. GranettINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20122 Milano, ItalyL. GuzzoDipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Universitá degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, ItalyHenk HoekstraLeiden Observatory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, The NetherlandsK. JahnkęMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, GermanyT. KitchingMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKT. MaciaszekAix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceM. MeneghettiINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyL. MillerDepartment of Physics, Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKR. NakajimaArgelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, GermanyS. M. NiemiEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsF. PasianINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, ItalyWill J. PercivalCentre for Astrophysics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, CanadaS. PottingerMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKM. SauvageAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceM. ScodeggioINAF – IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyStefanie WachterCarnegie Observatories, Pasadena, CA 91101, USAA. ZaccheiINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, ItalyN. AghanimUniversité Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, 91405 Orsay, FranceA. AmaraInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, UKT. AuphanAix-Marseille UniversitéN. AuricchioINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalySaeeda AwanMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKA. BalestraINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, ItalyR. BenderMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyC. BodendorfMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyD. BoninoINAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, ItalyE. BranchiniDepartment of Mathematics and Physics, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 84, 00146 Rome, ItalyS. Brau-NogueInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES, 14 Av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, FranceM. BresciaINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, ItalyGian Paolo CandiniMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKV. CapobiancoINAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, ItalyC. CarboneINAF – IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyR. G. CarlbergDepartment of Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Toronto, 50 St George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, CanadaJ. CarreteroInstitut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, SpainR. CasasInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, 08034 Barcelona, SpainF. J. CastanderInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, 08034 Barcelona, SpainM. CastellanoINFN – Sezione di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 2 c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Edificio G. Marconi, 00185 Roma, ItalyS. CavuotiDepartment of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, ItalyA CimattiDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Universitá di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, ItalyR. ClédassouCentre National d’Etudes Spatiales, Toulouse, FranceG. CongedoInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKChristopher J. ConseliceJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKL. ConversiESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainY. CopinUniv. Lyon, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, FranceL. CorcioneINAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, TO, ItalyA. CostilleAix-Marseille Univ., CNRS, CNES, LAM, Marseille, FranceF. CourbinInstitute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandH. DegaudenziDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. dÉcogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandM. DouspisUniversité Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, 91405 Orsay, FranceF. DubathDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. dÉcogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandC. A. J. DuncanDepartment of Physics, Oxford University, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKS. DusiniINFN – Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyS. FarrensAIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Paris, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceS. FerriolUniv. Lyon, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, FranceP. FosalbaInstitut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capitá 2-4, 08034 Barcelona, SpainN. FourmanoitUniv. Lyon, Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, 69622 Villeurbanne, FranceM. FrailisINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, ItalyE. FranceschiINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyP. FranzettiINAF – IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyM. FumanaINAF – IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyB. GillisInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKC. GiocoliIstituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF) – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio (OAS), Via Gobetti 93/3, 40127 Bologna, ItalyA. GrazianINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, ItalyF. GruppMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyS. V. H. HauganInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, NorwayW. A. HolmesJet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USAF. HormuthMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, GermanyP. HudelotInstitut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France
2022en
ABI
Аннотация
Euclid is a mission of the European Space Agency that is designed to constrain the properties of dark energy and gravity via weak gravitational lensing and galaxy clustering. It will carry out a wide area imaging and spectroscopy survey (the Euclid Wide Survey: EWS) in visible and near-infrared bands, covering approximately 15 000 deg 2 of extragalactic sky in six years. The wide-field telescope and instruments are optimised for pristine point spread function and reduced stray light, producing very crisp images. This paper presents the building of the Euclid reference survey: the sequence of pointings of EWS, deep fields, and calibration fields, as well as spacecraft movements followed by Euclid as it operates in a step-and-stare mode from its orbit around the Lagrange point L2. Each EWS pointing has four dithered frames; we simulated the dither pattern at the pixel level to analyse the effective coverage. We used up-to-date models for the sky background to define the Euclid region-of-interest (RoI). The building of the reference survey is highly constrained from calibration cadences, spacecraft constraints, and background levels; synergies with ground-based coverage were also considered. Via purposely built software, we first generated a schedule for the calibrations and deep fields observations. On a second stage, the RoI was tiled and scheduled with EWS observations, using an algorithm optimised to prioritise the best sky areas, produce a compact coverage, and ensure thermal stability. The result is the optimised reference survey RSD_2021A, which fulfils all constraints and is a good proxy for the final solution. The current EWS covers ≈14 500 deg 2 . The limiting AB magnitudes (5 σ point-like source) achieved in its footprint are estimated to be 26.2 (visible band I E ) and 24.5 (for near infrared bands Y E , J E , H E ); for spectroscopy, the H α line flux limit is 2 × 10 −16 erg −1 cm −2 s −1 at 1600 nm; and for diffuse emission, the surface brightness limits are 29.8 (visible band) and 28.4 (near infrared bands) mag arcsec −2 .
Идентификаторлар
Иқтибослар ва манбалар
15 та иқтибос0 та фойдаланилган манба
Кўрсаткичлар — AkademScholar · Тез орада