Genetic diversity of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) germplasm in Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR molecular markers
Annotatsiya
Avocado is a significant cash crop in Vietnam, while little is known about its genetic diversification. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were performed to investigate the genetic diversity of twenty-eight imported and domestic avocado cultivars being maintained at Western Highlands Agriculture and Forestry Science Institute, Dak Lak, Vietnam. 18 RAPD and 15 ISSR primers produced 3183 and 2807 scorable bands, of which 83.92% and 71.72% were polymorphic, respectively. The RAPD markers exhibited an average PIC of 0.27 and Rp index of 12.63 whereas the mean PIC and Rp values of ISSR primers were 0.21 and 13.37, respectively. The correlation between RAPD and ISSR markers was low (r = 0.338), suggesting that the ability to resolve genetic variation among varieties may relate to the number of detected polymorphisms rather than the marker employed. Nevertheless, the correlation between ISSR and combined data was high (r = 0.791) and the correlation between RAPD and combined matrices was even higher (r = 0.897). This indicates that RAPD markers have slightly higher efficiency over ISSR to resolve genetic variation among 28 avocado cultivars. High genetic diversity among 28 avocado cultivars was revealed with the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranging from 0.623 to 0.913 based on combined data analysis. The UPGMA dendrogram generated from combined RAPD and ISSR data grouped Vietnamese domestic and imported avocado cultivars into three different groups at 72% similarity. These results could be applied to the avocado conservation and breeding programs