RETRACTED: Spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of the coupling relationship between regional urban development and green space ecological quality
Annotatsiya
• Developed a dual-index EQGS by integrating LPI and RSEI for green space ecological quality analysis. • Assessed spatiotemporal CCD between urban growth and ecological quality across five major Chinese agglomerations. • Applied GWR to uncover localized drivers like NDVI, WET, and PLAND influencing coordination dynamics. • NEUA showed weakest ecological coordination, while CCUA achieved strong integration of urban growth and green space. • Study provides targeted urban planning strategies to optimize green space under varied regional development contexts. China’s rapid urban expansion over the past two decades has exerted mounting pressure on ecological systems, intensifying conflicts between urban development and green space sustainability. This study examines the coupling relationship between regional urbanisation and ecological quality across five major urban agglomerations from 2005 to 2024, providing a comprehensive long-term assessment. A two-dimensional Ecological Quality of Green Space Index (EQGS) was established by integrating the Landscape Pattern Index (LPI) and Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI), enabling simultaneous evaluation of spatial configuration and ecological vitality. Urban development intensity was quantified through a Regional Urban Development Index (RUDI) derived from population, economic, social, and spatial indicators. The interaction between RUDI and EQGS was assessed using an enhanced Coupling Coordination Degree (CCD) model, complemented by spatial autocorrelation and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR). Results reveal divergent temporal trajectories: the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta demonstrate steady improvements in coordination, while the Northeast Urban Agglomeration continues to exhibit ecological decline despite urban growth. Key drivers such as vegetation greenness, wetness, and patch heterogeneity display significant spatial heterogeneity across regions. These findings underscore the necessity of region-specific planning measures, including ecological zoning, wetland restoration, and green corridor development, to foster resilient and sustainable urban ecosystems in China’s evolving urban landscape.