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The <i>XMM</i> Cluster Survey: automating the estimation of hydrostatic mass for large samples of galaxy clusters – I. Methodology, validation, and application to the SDSSRM-XCS sample

D J TurnerDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,Paul GilesDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,A. K. RomerDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,John PillingDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,Timothy K. LingardDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,R. D. WilkinsonDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,Matt HiltonSchool of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg , Private Bag 3, Johannesburg, ZA 2050 ,E W UpsdellDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,Raiyah AlserkalDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,Tianyi ChengAstrophysics Group, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London , Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ ,Robin EappenDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,P. RooneyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,S BhargavaObservatoire de la Côte d’Azur , 96 Bd de l’Observatoire, F-06300 Nice ,C. A. CollinsAstrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool Science Park , 146 Brownlow Hill, Liverpool L3 5RF ,Julian A. MayersDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex , Brighton BN1 9QH ,C. J. MillerDepartment of Astronomy, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 ,R. C. NicholSchool of Maths and Physics, University of Surrey , Guildford GU2 7XH ,M SahlénTheoretical Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE- 751 20 Uppsala ,P. T. P. VianaDepartamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto ,

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societyjournal2025en

ABI

Annotatsiya

ABSTRACT We describe features of the X-ray: Generate and Analyse (xga) open-source software package that have been developed to facilitate automated hydrostatic mass ($M_{\rm hydro}$) measurements from XMM X-ray observations of clusters of galaxies. This includes describing how xga measures global, and radial, X-ray properties of galaxy clusters. We then demonstrate the reliability of xga by comparing simple X-ray properties, namely the X-ray temperature and gas mass, with published values presented by the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS), the Ultimate XMM eXtragaLactic survey project (XXL), and the Local Cluster Substructure Survey (LoCuSS). xga measured values for temperature are, on average, within 1 per cent of the values reported in the literature for each sample. xga gas masses for XXL clusters are shown to be ${\sim }$10 per cent lower than previous measurements (though the difference is only significant at the $\sim 1.8\sigma$ level), LoCuSS $R_{2500}$ and $R_{500}$ gas mass re-measurements are 3 per cent and 7 per cent lower, respectively (representing 1.5$\sigma$ and 3.5$\sigma$ differences). Like-for-like comparisons of hydrostatic mass are made to LoCuSS results, which show that our measurements are $10{\pm }3~{{\rm per\ cent}}$ ($19{\pm }7~{{\rm per\ cent}}$) higher for $R_{2500}$ ($R_{500}$). The comparison between $R_{500}$ masses shows significant scatter. Finally, we present new $M_{\rm hydro}$ measurements for 104 clusters from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR8 redMaPPer XCS sample (SDSSRM-XCS). Our SDSSRM-XCS hydrostatic mass measurements are in good agreement with multiple literature estimates, and represent one of the largest samples of consistently measured hydrostatic masses. We have demonstrated that xga is a powerful tool for X-ray analysis of clusters; it will render complex-to-measure X-ray properties accessible to non-specialists.

Mavzular

Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae

Identifikatorlar

DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staf007

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