DESI 2024 II: sample definitions, characteristics, and two-point clustering statistics
A. G. AdameInstituto de Física Teórica (IFT) UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049, Madrid, SpainJosé AguilarLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AS. AhlenPhysics Dept., Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, U.S.AShadab AlamTata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai 400005, IndiaD. M. AlexanderCentre for Extragalactic Astronomy, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, U.KMarcelo A. AlvarezLBL, BerkeleyO. AlvesU. Michigan, Ann ArborAbhijeet AnandLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AU. AndradeU. Michigan, Ann ArborE. ArmengaudIRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceS. ÀvilaInstitut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona, SpainAlejandro AvilésUNAM, CCFH. AwanDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AS. BaileyLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AC. BaltayYale UA. BaultUC, IrvineJ. BeheraDepartment of Physics, Kansas State University, 116 Cardwell Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, U.S.AS. BenZviDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, 206 Bausch and Lomb Hall, P.O. Box 270171, Rochester, NY 14627-0171, U.S.AFlorian BeutlerInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, U.KDavide BianchiMilan UChris BlakeCentre for Astrophysics & Supercomputing, Swinburne University of Technology, P.O. Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, AustraliaRobert BlumNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, U.S.AS. BriedenEdinburgh U., Inst. AstronA. BrodzellerLBL, BerkeleyDavid BrooksDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.KZachery BrownDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, 206 Bausch and Lomb Hall, P.O. Box 270171, Rochester, NY 14627-0171, U.S.AE. Buckley-GeerFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.AE. BurtinIRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceR. CalderónKASI, DaeJeonR. E. A. CanningInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, U.KA. Carnero RosellIAC, La LagunaR. CereskaiteDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, U.KJorge L. Cervantes–CotaCINVESTAV, IPNSolène ChabanierLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AE. ChaussidonLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AJ. Chaves-MonteroInstitut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona, SpainS. ChenInstitute for Advanced Study, 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, U.S.AXinyi ChenYale UT. ClaybaughLBL, BerkeleyS. ColeInstitute for Computational Cosmology, Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.KAndrei CuceuCenter for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics, The Ohio State University, 191 West Woodruff Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, U.S.AT. M. DavisSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, 4072, AustraliaK. DawsonDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Utah, 115 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, U.S.AAxel de la MacorraInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cd. de México C.P. 04510, MéxicoArnaud de MattiaIRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceN. DeiossoCIEMAT, Avenida Complutense 40, E-28040 Madrid, SpainR. DeminaDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University of Rochester, 206 Bausch and Lomb Hall, P.O. Box 270171, Rochester, NY 14627-0171, U.S.AArjun DeyNatl. Solar Observ., TucsonBiprateep DeyDepartment of Physics & Astronomy and Pittsburgh Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Center (PITT PACC), University of Pittsburgh, 3941 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.AZ. DingShanghai Jiaotong UP. DoelDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.KJerry EdelsteinUC, Berkeley (main)Sarah EftekharzadehUniversities Space Research AssocDaniel J. EisensteinCenter for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.AA. ElliottThe Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210 OH, U.S.AParker FagreliusNSF NOIRLab, 950 N. Cherry Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719, U.S.AK. FanningSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94305, U.S.AS. FerraroBCCP, BerkeleyJ. ErezaInstituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC), Glorieta de la Astronomía, s/n, E-18008 Granada, SpainN. FindlayInstitute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Dennis Sciama Building, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, U.KB. FlaugherFermi National Accelerator Laboratory, PO Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, U.S.AAndreu Font-RiberaDepartment of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, U.KD. Forero-SánchezLASTRO ObservJ. E. Forero-RomeroAndes U., BogotaCarlos S. FrenkDurham U., ICCC. García-QuinteroU. Texas, DallasE. GaztañagaInstitute of Space Sciences, ICE-CSIC, Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans s/n, 08913 Bellaterra, Barcelona, SpainHéctor Gil-MarínInstitut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), 08034 Barcelona, SpainSatya Gontcho A GontchoLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AAlma X. González‐MoralesDepartamento de Física, Universidad de Guanajuato - DCI, C.P. 37150, Leon, Guanajuato, MéxicoVioleta González-PérezMadrid, IFTC. GordonInstitut de Física d'Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona, SpainD. GreenDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 92697, U.S.AD. GruenMunich URafaela GsponerLASTRO ObservG. GutierrezFermilabJ. GuyLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.ABoryana HadzhiyskaLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AChang Hoon HahnDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton NJ 08544, U.S.AM. HanifDepartment of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.AH. K. Herrera-AlcantarInstitut d'Astrophysique de Paris. 98 bis boulevard Arago. 75014 Paris, FranceKlaus HonscheidOhio State UJun HouFlorida UCullan HowlettSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, 4072, AustraliaDragan HutererU. Michigan, Ann ArborVid IršičInstitute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe, via Beirut 2, 34151 Trieste, ItalyM IshakU. Texas, DallasS. JuneauNatl. Solar Observ., TucsonNaim Göksel KaraçaylıChicago U., KICPR. KehoeDepartment of Physics, Southern Methodist University, 3215 Daniel Avenue, Dallas, TX 75275, U.S.AS. KentChicago U., Astron. Astrophys. CtrD. KirkbyDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, 92697, U.S.AFrancisco-Shu KitauraInstituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, C/ Vía Láctea, s/n, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainHui KongBarcelona, IFAEAnthony KreminLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.AAlex KrolewskiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, CanadaYing‐Cheng LaiQueensland UTing-Wen LanGraduate Institute of Astrophysics and Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, TaiwanM. LandriauLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, U.S.ADustin LangPerimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline St. North, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada
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Abstract We present the samples of galaxies and quasars used for DESI 2024 cosmological analyses, drawn from the DESI Data Release 1 (DR1). We describe the construction of large-scale structure (LSS) catalogs from these samples, which include matched sets of synthetic reference `randoms' and weights that account for variations in the observed density of the samples due to experimental design and varying instrument performance. We detail how we correct for variations in observational completeness, the input `target' densities due to imaging systematics, and the ability to confidently measure redshifts from DESI spectra. We then summarize how remaining uncertainties in the corrections can be translated to systematic uncertainties for particular analyses. We describe the weights added to maximize the signal-to-noise of DESI DR1 2-point clustering measurements. We detail measurement pipelines applied to the LSS catalogs that obtain 2-point clustering measurements in configuration and Fourier space. The resulting 2-point measurements depend on window functions and normalization constraints particular to each sample, and we present the corrections required to match models to the data. We compare the configuration- and Fourier-space 2-point clustering of the data samples to that recovered from simulations of DESI DR1 and find they are, generally, in statistical agreement to within 2% in the inferred real-space over-density field. The LSS catalogs, 2-point measurements, and their covariance matrices will be released publicly with DESI DR1.
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