Modeling of equilibrium heat and mass transfer in three-dimensional connected media

In this paper, thermodynamic modeling of heat and mass transfer in a threedimensional closed environment during convective drying of a pumpkin sample was performed.The main objective of the study was to determine the air heat flow balance during the drying process and evaluate the second-law efficiency of the process by physically correct calculation of enthalpy, entropy, and exergy indices (based on the Kelvin scale).As a result of scientific research, mass and energy balance equations were developed for the air flows entering and leaving the drying chamber.Within the framework of the thermodynamic analysis, enthalpy change, entropy change, and exergy were calculated based on the equations.Exergy loss was determined and the degree of irreversibility during the drying process was estimated.The experiments were conducted on pumpkin samples with an initial moisture content of 70%.For each experiment, the pumpkin sample was cut into pieces of the same size so that they completely occupied the volume of the tray, and the initial weight was determined using an analytical balance, which ensured that all samples had the same mass.During the drying process, heat and mass exchange processes were observed at different temperature regimes.The article presents input-output diagrams of enthalpy, entropy and exergy flows, with the help of which the energy efficiency of the drying system was comprehensively assessed.The results showed that with increasing temperature, the enthalpy and exergy values increase, but the entropy generation also increases and the irreversibility of the process increases.The optimal regime is determined under conditions where the exergy efficiency is maximum

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